Choose Assessment Methods

Learning outcomes may be assessed directly or indirectly. Direct measures offer compelling evidence that is objective and concrete, and therefore should be given priority when designing learning outcomes. Indirect measures comprise proxy signs that usually accompany learning and can be a helpful way to supplement direct evidence. The following examples illustrate various direct and indirect methods of assessment that your program can use to determine if learning outcomes have been met.

Source: Suskie, L. (2009). Assessing student learning: A common sense guide. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.